What is the difference between a probationary and permanent Philippines marriage visa (13A)?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder work in government or sensitive professions?

A Philippines marriage visa (13A) grants permanent residency and the right to work or run a business, but it does not grant all privileges of Filipino citizenship. Holders of the 13A visa cannot work in government positions, the military, or professions that are constitutionally restricted to Filipino citizens, such as law practice, media ownership, or certain engineering fields. However, they are free to engage in private sector employment, consultancy, teaching, medical work (with appropriate licenses), or business ownership, as long as they comply with Philippine labor and licensing laws. This limitation ensures that sensitive roles tied to national sovereignty remain reserved for citizens. Many foreign spouses use the flexibility of the 13A visa to start businesses, engage in freelance services, or contribute their skills in industries open to foreigners. Thus, while not all professional doors are open, the visa still provides broad opportunities for economic participation and stability within the Philippines.

What documents are required for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) application?
Applicants for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) must prepare a comprehensive set of documents to satisfy immigration requirements. These typically include a valid marriage certificate (issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority or authenticated if married abroad), a joint affidavit of support from the couple, proof of financial capacity such as bank statements or employment certificates, and a notarized letter petition signed by the Filipino spouse. In addition, the foreign spouse must provide a valid passport, proof of legal stay in the Philippines at the time of application, and medical clearance. Photographs, birth certificates, and proof of residence may also be requested. The Bureau of Immigration requires these documents to verify the legitimacy of the marriage and the applicant’s intent to reside permanently in the Philippines. Organizing the paperwork carefully and ensuring all documents are properly authenticated helps prevent delays. Many applicants choose professional assistance to ensure smooth processing and avoid costly mistakes.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) allow multiple re-entries into the country?
Yes, one of the major advantages of the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is the ability to freely leave and re-enter the Philippines without needing additional re-entry permits, unlike many temporary visas. Once the visa is approved and the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card) is issued, the foreign spouse is recognized as a permanent resident and enjoys near-unrestricted mobility. However, the foreign spouse must ensure that the ACR I-Card and other immigration documents remain valid at all times. While multiple re-entries are permitted, long absences from the Philippines may raise concerns about abandonment of residency, especially if the couple appears to be living abroad permanently. Therefore, occasional international travel is fine, but continuous residence in the Philippines is expected. This flexibility makes the 13A ideal for couples who travel frequently for business or family purposes while still keeping their permanent base in the Philippines.

Can dependent children be included in a Philippines marriage visa (13A) application?
Yes, minor dependent children of the foreign spouse can be included under derivative visas when applying for the Philippines marriage visa (13A). This means that if a foreign national marries a Filipino citizen and already has children, whether from a previous marriage or within the current union, those children may also obtain residency rights as dependents. The requirements include submission of birth certificates, proof of parental authority, and in some cases, custody documents if the child was born from a prior relationship. These dependent visas generally last as long as the primary 13A visa remains valid. Children included under this arrangement can study in the Philippines, access healthcare, and enjoy the stability of legal residency. However, once they reach legal adulthood, they may need to apply for independent visa status. This provision ensures that families can remain together under the same residency framework when moving to the Philippines.

What is the difference between a probationary and permanent Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
When first granted, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is typically issued on a probationary basis for one year. During this time, the Bureau of Immigration monitors whether the marriage is genuine, whether the couple is living together, and whether the foreign spouse is complying with immigration rules. At the end of this one-year period, the couple can apply to convert the visa into a permanent 13A visa, provided all conditions have been met. Once permanent residency is granted, the foreign spouse is no longer subject to annual visa renewals, though they must still comply with the yearly immigration reporting requirement. The probationary stage acts as a safeguard against fraudulent marriages entered solely for immigration benefits. For genuine couples, the transition to permanent status is usually straightforward, offering long-term security and freedom to live, work, and invest in the Philippines without the constant worry of visa expiration.

How does divorce affect a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
The Philippines does not recognize divorce for Filipino citizens, but it does acknowledge annulments and legal separations. If a foreign spouse holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) obtains a divorce abroad, the effect on the visa depends on whether Philippine law recognizes that divorce. If the Filipino spouse initiates or recognizes the divorce, the foreigner’s 13A visa may be canceled, as the basis for residency—marriage to a Filipino citizen—no longer exists. Similarly, annulment or legal separation in the Philippines can lead to visa revocation. In practice, once the marital tie is dissolved, the foreign spouse must either leave the Philippines or apply for another type of visa to remain legally. However, if the couple has Filipino children, some exceptions or humanitarian considerations may apply. This situation can become legally complex, making professional legal guidance essential. Ultimately, the validity of the 13A visa is directly tied to the continuation of the marriage.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for permanent residency immediately, or must they first obtain probationary status?
In most cases, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is issued first as a probationary visa for one year before being converted into permanent residency. However, some applicants may be granted direct permanent residency under certain circumstances, such as long-established marriages or applications filed from abroad with sufficient supporting evidence. The Bureau of Immigration reviews each case individually, considering factors such as the couple’s marriage duration, family background, and financial stability. While most applicants follow the probationary route, immediate permanent residency is possible but less common. This two-step system exists primarily to protect against fraudulent marriages and to give authorities time to confirm the legitimacy of the relationship. For genuine couples who comply with requirements, the probationary stage is simply a procedural step toward permanent residency, offering peace of mind and long-term stability once completed. ★

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Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) be denied, and what are common reasons for denial?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder eventually apply for Philippine citizenship?

Yes, holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) can be the first step toward naturalization, but permanent residency does not automatically lead to citizenship. The 13A visa grants the foreign spouse indefinite stay, freedom to work, and many rights similar to Filipino citizens, except voting and holding certain public offices. To apply for citizenship, the foreign spouse must generally reside in the Philippines continuously for at least 10 years, although this requirement can be reduced to 5 years if married to a Filipino citizen. The applicant must also demonstrate good moral character, belief in Philippine principles, integration into the community, and financial stability. The process is formal and requires approval by the courts, meaning it is more complex than simply extending a visa. For many couples, the 13A provides enough stability without needing citizenship, but those wishing to deepen their commitment to the Philippines may consider applying for naturalization after several years of residency.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) require yearly renewal?
No, once the foreign spouse is granted a permanent Philippines marriage visa (13A), it does not require yearly renewal like tourist visas or work permits. However, all 13A visa holders must comply with the Annual Report requirement, which involves visiting the Bureau of Immigration once a year between January and March to update personal records and confirm continued residency. This is a simple procedure and much less burdensome than reapplying for visas each year. Additionally, the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card) must be renewed periodically, usually every five years. This ensures the government maintains accurate records of foreign residents. So, while the visa itself does not expire, these compliance steps are necessary to maintain legal residency. In practice, this makes life much more convenient for foreign spouses compared to constantly renewing short-term visas.

What happens if the Filipino spouse passes away while the foreign spouse holds a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
If the Filipino spouse passes away, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) may be affected since the basis of the visa is the marital relationship. However, immigration authorities often take humanitarian considerations into account. If the foreign spouse has been residing in the Philippines for many years, has Filipino children, or has established deep ties to the community, it is possible to retain residency or transition to another visa type. The Bureau of Immigration reviews such cases individually, and supporting evidence of strong connections to the Philippines is crucial. Without Filipino children or long-term residence, the foreign spouse may be required to shift to another visa category, such as a retirement visa, investor visa, or work permit. While the death of the Filipino spouse can create uncertainty, the government usually considers the circumstances carefully rather than immediately canceling residency rights, especially when children or long-established families are involved.

Are there health insurance requirements for a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) does not specifically mandate private health insurance as part of the application. However, applicants must undergo a medical examination to confirm that they do not have communicable diseases that could endanger public health. While not compulsory, health insurance is highly recommended for foreign spouses since the public healthcare system has limitations, and private medical care can be expensive. Having insurance demonstrates financial preparedness and strengthens the application by showing the applicant will not be a burden on public resources. Many foreign spouses choose international or local health insurance plans for peace of mind, particularly if they plan to raise a family in the Philippines. Though not an official requirement, health coverage is often seen as a practical necessity for anyone seeking long-term residency in the country.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) be denied, and what are common reasons for denial?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) can be denied if immigration authorities find the application does not meet the required standards. Common reasons include incomplete or fraudulent documents, suspicion of a sham marriage entered solely for immigration purposes, lack of financial capacity, or the foreign spouse having a criminal record. Applicants who overstay or violate visa conditions before applying also risk rejection. Another factor is failure to provide sufficient proof of cohabitation and a genuine marital relationship, especially if the couple lives separately without valid reason. In some cases, denials are due to administrative errors or missing paperwork, which can be corrected upon reapplication. To reduce risks, applicants should ensure transparency, accuracy, and authenticity in their submissions. Professional guidance often helps prevent mistakes and provides reassurance that all requirements are fully met before filing.

What advantages does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) offer compared to other long-term visas?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) provides advantages that few other visas can match. Unlike retirement or investor visas, it does not require large financial deposits, property purchases, or age restrictions. Unlike work permits, it is not tied to a specific employer, providing greater freedom to work, start businesses, or study. It also grants permanent residency, meaning the holder can remain indefinitely in the Philippines without worrying about constant renewals. In addition, the 13A visa allows free re-entry into the country, eligibility for derivative visas for children, and a pathway to eventual Philippine citizenship. Perhaps the greatest advantage is stability—it enables foreign spouses to build long-term family and economic life in the Philippines without the insecurity of temporary visas. This combination of flexibility, security, and family unification makes the 13A one of the most attractive residency options available to foreigners married to Filipino citizens.

Is it possible to transfer a Philippines marriage visa (13A) from one passport to another?
Yes, if a foreign spouse holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) renews or replaces their passport, the visa can be transferred to the new passport. This requires filing a request with the Bureau of Immigration and presenting both the old and new passports, the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card), and supporting identification documents. The process ensures continuity of legal residency even when the passport changes. This situation commonly arises when the old passport expires, pages run out, or it is lost and replaced. Immigration officers will annotate the new passport with the valid 13A visa details. While the process is straightforward, it must be handled promptly to avoid complications during international travel. Foreign spouses should always ensure that both their passport and immigration documents remain current to safeguard uninterrupted residency in the Philippines. ★

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Does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder need an exit clearance to leave the country?

 Can a foreign spouse holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) sponsor other relatives for residency?

A Philippines marriage visa (13A) is designed specifically for foreign spouses of Filipino citizens, but it also provides a pathway for dependent children of the foreign spouse to be included under derivative visas. However, it does not extend sponsorship rights to other relatives such as parents, siblings, or extended family. Those family members would need to apply for their own visas under categories such as tourist, retirement, or investor visas, depending on their circumstances. While the 13A itself cannot be used to directly sponsor relatives beyond immediate dependents, the stability it provides often makes it easier for the family to explore alternative visa options. For example, some foreign spouses with established businesses may later sponsor employees under work permits, or retired parents may qualify under the Special Resident Retiree’s Visa (SRRV). In essence, the 13A ensures family unity for the spouse and children but does not extend sponsorship beyond the nuclear family unit.

What financial proof is needed to support a Philippines marriage visa (13A) application?
Applicants for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) must demonstrate financial capacity to support themselves and their family while living in the country. Typically, this means providing recent bank statements, income certificates, employment contracts, or proof of business ownership. The Filipino spouse is usually required to sign a notarized affidavit of support confirming they can financially sustain the household. While the Bureau of Immigration does not set an exact minimum income, they look for reasonable assurance that the couple can maintain a stable life without becoming dependent on public resources. For retirees or applicants not currently employed, evidence of savings, pensions, or passive income may suffice. The key is to show consistency, reliability, and transparency in financial records. Preparing detailed documentation strengthens the case and reduces the chance of delays or questions from immigration officers. This requirement ensures that applicants are prepared for long-term residency without undue financial burden.

How long does it take to process a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
The processing time for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) varies depending on the completeness of documents, the workload of the Bureau of Immigration, and whether the application is filed locally or abroad. On average, if all documents are in order, approval may take around 2 to 4 months for the probationary visa. However, delays are common, especially if there are missing papers, verification issues, or high volumes of applications. After the one-year probationary period, the conversion to permanent status can take another few months. To avoid unnecessary waiting, applicants are encouraged to prepare all documents carefully and respond promptly to any requests from immigration authorities. Hiring professional assistance can often speed up the process, as experienced representatives know the system and how to address potential obstacles. While not immediate, the time invested in securing a 13A is worthwhile because it grants long-term residency stability.

Is the Philippines marriage visa (13A) affected by changes in immigration law?
Yes, as with any immigration program, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is subject to revisions based on updates to the country’s laws and policies. The visa itself is grounded in the Philippine Immigration Act, which recognizes the rights of foreign spouses, but implementation guidelines may shift over time. For example, requirements for financial proof, medical clearance, or background checks could be adjusted by the Bureau of Immigration. In some cases, new policies may make procedures stricter, while at other times they may ease processing to encourage foreign investment and long-term residency. This is why applicants and existing 13A holders must stay updated on the latest rules, especially when planning renewals, conversions from probationary to permanent, or including dependents. Working with a licensed immigration consultancy helps ensure compliance with the most recent regulations and reduces the risk of issues caused by outdated information.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) be revoked after approval?
Yes, although the Philippines marriage visa (13A) grants permanent residency, it can be revoked under certain circumstances. Common reasons include fraud in the application, a proven sham marriage, criminal activity by the foreign spouse, or violations of immigration laws. If the Filipino spouse annuls the marriage or if the couple permanently separates, the visa may also be canceled since the basis for residency no longer exists. Additionally, abandonment of residency, such as living abroad continuously for extended periods without clear ties to the Philippines, can lead to revocation. In such cases, the foreign spouse may be required to leave the country or apply for a different type of visa. However, the Bureau of Immigration usually conducts investigations carefully, and revocation is not done lightly. Genuine couples who comply with the law and maintain family life in the Philippines rarely face this issue, but awareness is important to safeguard residency rights.

Does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder need an exit clearance to leave the country?
In most cases, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder with a valid Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card) does not need to secure an Emigration Clearance Certificate (ECC) for short trips abroad. However, an ECC may be required if the foreign spouse has stayed continuously for more than 6 months on their current visa status, is leaving for permanent departure, or has pending immigration issues. The ECC ensures that the individual has no unresolved obligations with the government, such as overstays or unpaid immigration fees. For most permanent residents, routine travel does not require additional permits beyond presenting the valid visa and ACR I-Card. Still, checking with immigration officers before booking international travel is always advisable, especially for longer absences. This precaution prevents last-minute issues at the airport and ensures smooth re-entry to the Philippines.

What role does the Filipino spouse play during the Philippines marriage visa (13A) process?
The Filipino spouse is central to the Philippines marriage visa (13A) application because the visa is based on their citizenship. They must submit a formal petition to the Bureau of Immigration requesting that residency be granted to their foreign partner. This includes signing affidavits, providing proof of identity and financial capacity, and appearing in person for interviews or document submissions. Their presence reassures authorities of the legitimacy of the marriage and the couple’s intent to live together in the Philippines. The Filipino spouse’s cooperation is also essential for renewals, conversions to permanent residency, and supporting dependent children. Immigration authorities rely on the Filipino spouse’s active involvement as a safeguard against fraudulent applications. Without their participation, the process cannot move forward. For genuine couples, this partnership in documentation and legal compliance reflects the same commitment they share in married life. ★

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How does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) benefit dependent children?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder work freely in the country?

Yes, one of the biggest advantages of the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is that it allows the foreign spouse to work without needing a separate work permit. Unlike other visas such as tourist visas or student visas, which restrict employment, the 13A provides permanent residency rights, including the ability to engage in legal employment or establish a business. This freedom makes it much easier for foreign spouses to integrate into the local economy and build a sustainable life. However, while no additional work permit is required, the 13A holder must still comply with labor and tax regulations. This means registering with the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) for tax identification, following employment laws, and ensuring any business activities are properly licensed. For many foreign spouses, the ability to work freely is a major benefit that provides long-term stability and independence compared to other visa types.

What is the difference between a probationary and a permanent Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
When first approved, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is usually issued on a probationary basis for one year. During this time, immigration authorities monitor compliance with the conditions of residency, the authenticity of the marriage, and the foreign spouse’s overall adjustment to life in the Philippines. After successfully completing this probationary year, the foreign spouse can apply to convert the visa into permanent status, which grants indefinite residency rights. The permanent 13A does not expire, though the holder must still comply with the annual report requirement and renew their Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card) periodically. The probationary stage acts as a safeguard against fraudulent or rushed marriages, ensuring only genuine applicants progress to permanent residency. For couples with strong evidence of their relationship and a stable lifestyle, moving from probationary to permanent status is usually straightforward.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) allow multiple entries?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) provides multiple-entry privileges, meaning the foreign spouse can leave and re-enter the country without needing to apply for new entry permits each time. This is one of the most convenient benefits of the 13A compared to short-term visas. For instance, a 13A holder can travel abroad for work, family visits, or vacations, then return to the Philippines freely as long as their visa and Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card) remain valid. However, extended absences from the Philippines could raise questions about whether the foreign spouse is genuinely residing in the country, especially if absences stretch for several years. For this reason, while travel is allowed, maintaining strong ties and residence in the Philippines is important to preserve the visa’s benefits. Overall, the 13A offers far greater flexibility for international mobility compared to many other residency visas.

What are the obligations of a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder?
While the Philippines marriage visa (13A) grants permanent residency, it also comes with responsibilities. First, holders must comply with the Annual Report requirement, visiting the Bureau of Immigration once a year to confirm residency status. Second, they must renew their ACR I-Card periodically, usually every five years. Third, they must abide by Philippine laws, including immigration regulations, tax obligations, and any employment or business rules. Holders are also expected to maintain the integrity of their marital relationship, since the visa is based on marriage to a Filipino citizen. Additionally, they must not engage in activities that could endanger national security or public welfare, as these could result in revocation of the visa. Meeting these obligations ensures smooth residency and avoids complications with immigration authorities. For most couples, these duties are straightforward and well worth the stability the visa provides.

How does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) benefit dependent children?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) allows dependent children of the foreign spouse to be included under derivative visas, enabling them to reside legally in the country alongside their parents. This ensures family unity, avoiding the disruption of having children on separate, temporary visas. Derivative visas provide dependent children with the right to study, access healthcare, and enjoy other residency benefits. If the children are minors, their status is automatically tied to the parent’s 13A visa, giving them stability until they reach adulthood. For children who are already Filipino citizens by birth, the visa indirectly benefits them by securing the residency of their foreign parent, ensuring the family can remain together. This family-centered approach makes the 13A especially valuable for couples raising children in the Philippines, as it removes the uncertainty that often comes with short-term or limited residency options.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) be applied for from abroad?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) can be applied for either within the Philippines or through a Philippine embassy or consulate abroad. Many couples choose to apply directly in the Philippines if they are already residing there together, as the process may be more convenient and allows immediate follow-up with immigration officers. However, if the foreign spouse is still overseas, filing at a Philippine consulate can be a good option. The documents submitted abroad are then forwarded to Philippine authorities for approval. The basic requirements remain the same—marriage certificate, financial capacity proof, medical exam, police clearance, and petition from the Filipino spouse. Processing times may vary depending on where the application is filed. Regardless of location, the essential point is that the marriage must be legally valid and recognized under Philippine law for the visa to be approved.

What documents are required to apply for a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
The application for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) requires several important documents. These include the marriage certificate recognized in the Philippines, the foreign spouse’s passport, the Filipino spouse’s proof of citizenship, a joint affidavit of support, financial capacity evidence such as bank statements or employment certificates, medical clearance, and police clearance from both the foreign spouse’s home country and the Philippines. The Filipino spouse must also file a formal petition requesting residency for their partner. Additional supporting documents, such as proof of cohabitation, photographs, or joint accounts, can strengthen the application by demonstrating the genuineness of the marriage. Immigration authorities are strict about completeness and authenticity, so all documents must be properly authenticated and, if necessary, translated into English. Preparing a well-organized and complete set of documents is key to avoiding delays or denials during the application process. ★

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What happens if a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder divorces or separates from their Filipino spouse?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for Philippine citizenship in the future?

Yes, a foreign spouse holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) may later apply for Philippine citizenship, provided they meet the residency and legal requirements under the Philippine Naturalization Law. Generally, naturalization requires at least 10 years of continuous residence in the Philippines, though this period can be reduced to 5 years for applicants married to Filipino citizens. The applicant must also demonstrate good moral character, a lawful source of income, and integration into Philippine society, such as proficiency in English or Filipino and knowledge of Philippine customs. While the 13A visa itself does not automatically lead to citizenship, it serves as the foundation for long-term legal residency, which is a prerequisite for naturalization. Many foreign spouses choose to remain permanent residents rather than apply for citizenship, but the option is available for those who wish to fully embrace Philippine nationality and enjoy rights such as voting and owning land without restrictions.

What taxes must a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder pay?
Holders of a Philippines marriage visa (13A) are considered permanent residents, and as such, they are subject to the country’s tax laws. If they earn income within the Philippines—whether from employment, self-employment, or business—they must pay income tax to the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR). If they earn income abroad but reside primarily in the Philippines, certain tax rules may also apply, depending on tax treaties between the Philippines and the foreign spouse’s home country. Aside from income tax, they may also be liable for other taxes such as value-added tax (VAT) if they operate a business, or property tax if they own real estate. However, they do not pay additional “foreigner-only” taxes simply because of their residency status under 13A. To avoid penalties, it is essential for 13A holders to register for a Tax Identification Number (TIN) and file annual returns as required by law.

Is it possible to convert another type of visa into a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
Yes, foreign nationals who are already in the Philippines under a different visa type can often convert their status to a Philippines marriage visa (13A), provided they meet the marriage and residency requirements. For example, a tourist visa holder who marries a Filipino citizen may file for conversion without leaving the country. The Bureau of Immigration will require submission of the same documents as a new application, such as a valid marriage certificate, financial proof, police clearance, and medical exam. The conversion process allows couples who married after arrival in the Philippines to remain together legally without the foreign spouse having to exit and reapply abroad. However, it is important to begin the conversion process before the current visa expires, as overstaying can result in penalties and complicate the application. This flexibility makes the 13A visa accessible to many foreign spouses regardless of their initial entry visa.

What happens if a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder divorces or separates from their Filipino spouse?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) is based on the validity of the marital relationship. If the marriage is annulled, legally dissolved, or the couple permanently separates, the basis for the visa no longer exists. In such cases, the Bureau of Immigration may revoke the 13A visa and require the foreign spouse to either leave the country or apply for an alternative visa, such as a work visa, investor visa, or retirement visa. However, if the couple has children, immigration authorities may consider special circumstances, though the legal framework generally requires that the 13A be tied directly to the Filipino spouse. Because the Philippines does not legally recognize divorce in most situations, annulment is the primary legal route to dissolving a marriage. To protect their residency status, foreign spouses should explore alternative visa pathways if the marriage is no longer valid under Philippine law.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder buy property in the country?
A Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder does not automatically gain the right to own land, as Philippine law restricts land ownership to Filipino citizens. However, the Filipino spouse can legally own property, and the foreign spouse may co-own structures such as houses or buildings built on the land. In some cases, property can be registered in the Filipino spouse’s name, with legal safeguards such as prenuptial agreements or usufruct rights protecting the foreign spouse’s interests. Additionally, foreign nationals—including 13A holders—can legally own condominium units, provided that foreign ownership in the building does not exceed 40%. Many couples use this route to secure property investments together. While the 13A provides permanent residency and the ability to live in the Philippines without restrictions, it does not override constitutional limitations on land ownership. Careful legal planning is recommended when making property investments as a mixed-nationality couple.

How often must a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder report to the Bureau of Immigration?
Even though the Philippines marriage visa (13A) grants permanent residency, holders are still required to complete the Annual Report with the Bureau of Immigration. This report is usually due in the first 60 days of each calendar year and involves presenting the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card), paying a small processing fee, and confirming personal information such as address and marital status. The Annual Report is a straightforward process but is mandatory to maintain valid residency status. Failure to comply can result in fines, penalties, or complications with renewals. In addition, 13A holders must also renew their ACR I-Card periodically, usually every five years. These requirements ensure that immigration authorities maintain up-to-date records of all resident foreign nationals. While the obligations are not overly burdensome, they are important to remember to avoid issues with long-term residency.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder open a business?
Yes, foreign nationals holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) may establish and operate a business, though there are some restrictions under the country’s foreign ownership laws. Certain industries are reserved for Filipino citizens, but many businesses allow foreign participation with a required percentage of Filipino ownership. Being married to a Filipino citizen can simplify business arrangements, as the Filipino spouse can hold majority ownership while the 13A holder manages operations. Alternatively, the 13A holder may invest in sectors open to full or partial foreign ownership. Since the 13A visa provides permanent residency, there is no need for a special investor visa, making it easier for foreign spouses to pursue entrepreneurial ventures. Proper business registration with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) or Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), along with tax registration at the BIR, is necessary. This opportunity allows 13A holders to build financial stability while supporting the Philippine economy. ★

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How long does it take to process a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder sponsor relatives for residency?

A Philippines marriage visa (13A) only directly covers the foreign spouse of a Filipino citizen, but it can indirectly benefit certain dependents such as minor children. For example, if the foreign spouse has children from a previous marriage, those children may be granted derivative visas to reside in the Philippines, provided proper documentation is submitted and they are legally recognized dependents. However, the 13A does not extend to siblings, parents, or extended family members of the foreign spouse. Each relative would need to apply under their own qualifying visa category. What makes the 13A helpful is that it establishes a stable residency status, making it easier for the family unit to remain together. For many mixed-nationality families, this provides much-needed security and a clear legal pathway to live in the Philippines without visa interruptions or dependency on short-term permits.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) expire?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) is permanent once approved, meaning it does not expire like a tourist or temporary resident visa. However, the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card), which serves as the physical proof of residency, must be renewed every five years. In addition, the Annual Report requirement must be completed each year to maintain active residency status. Failure to meet these obligations could result in penalties or, in extreme cases, cancellation of the visa. It is also worth noting that while the visa itself is indefinite, it is conditional on the validity of the marriage to a Filipino citizen. If the marriage is annulled or otherwise legally terminated, the basis for the visa no longer exists. As long as the marriage remains valid and the holder complies with immigration rules, the 13A provides secure, long-term residency in the Philippines.

What happens if a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder commits a crime?
If a foreign national holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) commits a serious crime, their residency privileges may be revoked by the Bureau of Immigration. The 13A visa is granted on the condition that the holder abides by Philippine laws and maintains good moral character. Criminal activity, particularly offenses involving drugs, fraud, violence, or threats to national security, can result in cancellation of the visa and deportation. In less severe cases, penalties may include fines, temporary suspension of privileges, or restrictions on travel. A permanent criminal record may also affect future applications for citizenship, property transactions, or business permits. While the 13A provides stability, it is not absolute protection against legal consequences. Foreign spouses must ensure they conduct themselves responsibly and within the bounds of Philippine law to safeguard their residency and protect their family’s long-term security.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for bank loans or credit in the country?
Yes, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder can apply for bank accounts, credit cards, and even housing or business loans, though approval is often subject to stricter requirements than for Filipino citizens. Since the 13A establishes permanent residency, it reassures banks that the foreign spouse has legal long-term ties to the Philippines. To apply for loans, the foreign spouse must present their Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card), proof of residency, income documents, and sometimes a co-borrower—often the Filipino spouse. Some banks may still prefer the property or collateral to be under the Filipino spouse’s name due to land ownership restrictions. However, the 13A visa makes it easier for the foreign spouse to build a financial history in the Philippines, establish creditworthiness, and access financial services. This contributes significantly to long-term financial security for mixed-nationality couples.

How long does it take to process a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
Processing time for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) varies depending on whether it is filed inside the country or through a Philippine embassy abroad. Applications submitted within the Philippines typically take three to six months, depending on the completeness of the documents, the workload at the Bureau of Immigration, and whether additional verifications are required. Applications filed abroad may take longer since documents must be forwarded and reviewed by multiple offices. During this time, immigration authorities carefully check the authenticity of the marriage, the background of the foreign spouse, and compliance with all requirements. Delays often occur if documents are incomplete, improperly authenticated, or require translation. To speed up the process, applicants are advised to prepare thoroughly, double-check requirements, and, when possible, seek professional assistance to ensure smooth handling. The reward for patience is permanent residency and long-term stability in the Philippines.

Does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) guarantee healthcare benefits?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) provides permanent residency but does not automatically grant access to government healthcare programs such as PhilHealth. However, once a foreign spouse holds permanent residency, they are eligible to enroll in PhilHealth either voluntarily or as a dependent of their Filipino spouse. PhilHealth membership provides access to subsidized healthcare services, hospital discounts, and reimbursement for certain treatments. In addition, the foreign spouse may also purchase private health insurance, which is widely available in the Philippines and offers broader coverage, including specialized medical care. The 13A visa ensures that the foreign spouse can stay in the country indefinitely, making long-term healthcare planning more practical and reliable. For couples with children, this stability is especially important, as it ensures access to medical services for the entire family under both public and private systems.

What should applicants avoid when applying for a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
Applicants should avoid providing incomplete or fraudulent documents, as immigration authorities conduct strict verification. Submitting unverified marriage certificates, forged clearances, or misrepresenting financial capacity can result in outright denial and even blacklisting from reapplying. Another common mistake is failing to meet deadlines, such as applying after the current visa has expired, which leads to overstaying penalties. Applicants should also avoid neglecting the requirement for medical and police clearances, as these are key to ensuring eligibility. Finally, couples should avoid appearing unprepared during interviews—immigration officers may ask about the marriage, living arrangements, and shared responsibilities to confirm its authenticity. Being open, organized, and transparent helps avoid suspicion. With proper preparation, the 13A process is manageable and leads to long-term benefits, but carelessness can cause significant delays or denials. ★

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Is the Philippines marriage visa (13A) affected by divorce?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder buy property in the country?

A Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder cannot directly own land in their own name, as Philippine law restricts land ownership to Filipino citizens. However, because the foreign spouse is married to a Filipino citizen, the property may be legally purchased under the Filipino spouse’s name. In addition, the couple can acquire condominium units, as foreigners are allowed to own condo units provided that foreign ownership does not exceed 40% of the total building. Another option is long-term land leasing, where the foreign spouse may legally lease land for up to 50 years, renewable for another 25 years. The 13A visa provides permanent residency, which means the foreign spouse can remain in the Philippines indefinitely and benefit from shared property ownership within the marital partnership. Many couples use this legal structure to invest in homes, ensuring security and stability for their family.

Does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) make taxation easier for foreigners?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) provides long-term residency, which simplifies tax obligations for foreign spouses. Once the foreign spouse becomes a permanent resident, they are considered a resident taxpayer, meaning they are subject to taxes on income earned within the Philippines. However, this also allows them to take advantage of tax treaties that the Philippines has with other countries to avoid double taxation. The Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR) issues a Tax Identification Number (TIN) to 13A holders, enabling them to legally work, start businesses, or receive other taxable income. This clarity makes it easier for foreigners to comply with Philippine tax laws without constantly changing status due to temporary visas. For couples building a financial future together, the 13A visa provides a stable legal foundation for both tax compliance and long-term investment planning.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for dual citizenship?
A Philippines marriage visa (13A) does not automatically grant Philippine citizenship, but it provides a path toward it. After holding permanent residency for a minimum of 10 years, a foreign spouse may apply for naturalization as a Philippine citizen, provided they meet additional requirements such as fluency in English or Filipino, good moral character, and integration into Philippine society. In some cases, if the foreign spouse and Filipino spouse have children, or if the foreign spouse has rendered notable service to the Philippines, the naturalization process may be expedited. Dual citizenship is possible depending on the foreign spouse’s home country laws. The 13A visa is therefore a key step toward long-term settlement, as it establishes legal residence and opens the door to eventual citizenship for those who wish to fully embrace life in the Philippines.

Is the Philippines marriage visa (13A) affected by divorce?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) is directly tied to the validity of the marriage between the foreign spouse and the Filipino citizen. Since divorce is not recognized in the Philippines (except for Muslims under certain conditions), annulment or legal separation may affect the visa. If the marriage is annulled, the basis for the 13A visa is lost, and the foreign spouse may lose residency privileges unless they qualify for another type of visa. However, if the divorce is filed and recognized abroad, the Filipino spouse is considered legally single under foreign law, which can also impact the validity of the marriage visa. In such cases, the Bureau of Immigration reviews each situation individually. For couples facing marital issues, legal guidance is recommended to understand how it may affect immigration status and whether alternative visa pathways should be considered.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder own a business in the country?
Yes, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder can engage in business activities in the Philippines, though certain restrictions apply. Foreigners generally cannot own more than 40% of companies engaged in businesses restricted to Filipinos, such as mass media or land ownership. However, in other industries such as retail, export, or service-based businesses, the foreign spouse may legally own and operate a company in partnership with their Filipino spouse. The advantage of the 13A visa is that it removes the need for a separate special investor’s visa, allowing the foreign spouse to directly register a business with the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) or the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). This opens up many opportunities for entrepreneurial couples to build long-term financial stability while remaining fully compliant with Philippine law.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) require language proficiency?
No, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) does not require the applicant to demonstrate proficiency in English, Tagalog, or any local language as part of the approval process. The main requirements focus on the validity of the marriage, good moral character, health clearances, and proof of financial stability. However, while not mandatory, having basic communication skills in English or Filipino is highly beneficial for everyday life, integration into the community, and dealing with official transactions. Language ability may also be an advantage if the foreign spouse later applies for Philippine citizenship, as naturalization laws require an applicant to be able to speak and write in English, Spanish, or a principal Philippine language. For daily living, the 13A ensures residency regardless of language, but learning the basics significantly enriches the experience of living in the Philippines.

What are the financial requirements for a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
Applicants for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) must demonstrate financial capacity to support themselves and their Filipino spouse. This does not mean they must show large sums of money, but they need to provide evidence of a stable source of income, savings, or pension to ensure they will not become a financial burden on the state. Bank statements, employment certificates, or proof of pension are commonly accepted documents. While there is no fixed minimum income stated in law, immigration officers assess whether the applicant’s financial situation is sufficient for reasonable living in the Philippines. For retirees, pension certificates or retirement funds are acceptable proof. For working spouses, employment contracts or business permits can be submitted. Meeting this requirement reassures immigration authorities that the couple can maintain a secure life in the country, strengthening the overall application for the 13A visa. ★

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Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder access healthcare in the country?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder sponsor other family members?

A Philippines marriage visa (13A) is specifically designed for foreign spouses of Filipino citizens, so it cannot directly be used to sponsor other relatives such as parents, siblings, or children from a previous marriage. However, there are alternative pathways available depending on the family relationship. For example, minor children of the foreign spouse may be eligible for a dependent visa linked to the 13A, provided that proper custody and parental documents are presented. Adult children, on the other hand, must usually apply for their own appropriate visa type, such as a student visa or work visa. The 13A serves as a secure base for the foreign spouse, but family reunification rules are more restrictive in the Philippines compared to some other countries. Couples planning to relocate with children or dependents should consult immigration experts to ensure the correct visa is applied for, avoiding complications at later stages.

Does a Philippines marriage visa (13A) require yearly renewal?
Yes, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) initially requires a probationary period of one year, during which the foreign spouse must comply with immigration regulations and demonstrate that the marriage is genuine and stable. After this probationary period, the foreign spouse can apply for conversion of the 13A to permanent resident status. Once permanent residency is granted, the visa itself does not need to be renewed annually. However, the Alien Certificate of Registration (ACR I-Card), which serves as proof of residency, must be renewed periodically, typically every five years. Additionally, the foreign spouse must comply with the Annual Report requirement at the Bureau of Immigration to keep their residency valid. While the 13A provides long-term security, these administrative requirements ensure that the immigration authorities can maintain updated records of all resident foreigners.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder vote in Philippine elections?
No, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) does not grant the right to vote in national or local elections. Voting rights in the Philippines are reserved for Filipino citizens only. While the 13A provides permanent residency and the ability to live, work, and own certain types of property, it does not equate to citizenship. Foreign spouses who eventually wish to gain the right to vote must go through the naturalization process, which requires long-term residence, good conduct, and language proficiency. However, even without voting rights, 13A holders still enjoy many benefits, including stability in residency, access to business opportunities, and freedom of movement within the country. For those deeply involved in community and family life, naturalization may eventually be a worthwhile step to obtain full civic participation.

Is a Philippines marriage visa (13A) recognized by other ASEAN countries for travel?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) is only valid for residency within the Philippines and is not transferable or recognized as a travel permit to other ASEAN countries. However, the advantage of holding a 13A is that it allows the foreign spouse to establish permanent residency in the Philippines, making it easier to apply for visas to nearby countries when needed. Since the Philippines is part of ASEAN, Filipino citizens often enjoy visa-free entry to many ASEAN member states, but this privilege does not extend to the foreign spouse automatically. The 13A only secures legal residence within the Philippines. That said, foreign spouses with a 13A are often viewed more favorably in immigration processes because of their long-term ties to the Philippines, especially when traveling as a family unit with their Filipino spouse.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder access healthcare in the country?
Yes, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder can access healthcare services in the Philippines, both in private and public facilities. While the Philippine healthcare system is generally affordable compared to Western countries, having permanent residency makes it easier for the foreign spouse to register with PhilHealth, the national health insurance program. By registering with PhilHealth, 13A holders can enjoy subsidized healthcare services in government hospitals and discounts in accredited private hospitals. Many couples also choose private health insurance plans to ensure access to higher quality medical facilities. The 13A visa thus provides not just residency but also the legal stability needed to secure long-term health coverage. This benefit is particularly important for retirees or older applicants who require consistent access to healthcare while living permanently in the Philippines.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) have an age limit for applicants?
No, there is no strict age limit for applying for a Philippines marriage visa (13A). The main requirement is a valid and genuine marriage to a Filipino citizen. Applicants must, however, meet certain conditions such as good health, financial capacity, and good moral character. While younger applicants may present employment certificates as proof of income, older applicants may present pension or retirement funds. The 13A is therefore flexible and accessible to both younger and older foreign spouses, making it particularly attractive to retirees who wish to settle in the Philippines. Immigration officers are generally more concerned with the stability of the marriage and the applicant’s ability to support themselves rather than age. This makes the 13A one of the most inclusive residency visas in Southeast Asia.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) be converted to another type of visa?
Yes, under certain conditions, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) can be converted to another visa type, although this is not very common. For example, if the foreign spouse later qualifies for a Special Resident Retiree’s Visa (SRRV) due to retirement benefits, they may choose to switch for added perks, such as exemption from certain immigration requirements. Additionally, if the marriage ends in annulment or separation, the foreign spouse may apply for a different type of visa to maintain legal residency in the country. The conversion process requires approval from the Bureau of Immigration and involves documentary submissions similar to the initial 13A application. Having flexibility in visa options provides security for the foreign spouse, ensuring that they can adapt their residency status to suit life changes without necessarily leaving the Philippines. ★

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Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for permanent residency immediately?

 Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder travel freely in and out of the country?

Yes, one of the biggest benefits of a Philippines marriage visa (13A) is that it allows multiple entries and exits without needing to apply for new visas each time. Unlike tourist visas, which have strict validity periods, the 13A grants permanent residency, meaning the foreign spouse can leave the Philippines and return without jeopardizing their status, as long as the visa remains valid. However, it is important to note that if the foreign spouse stays outside the Philippines for an extended period—typically over one year—they may need to secure a re-entry permit to avoid issues at immigration. The Bureau of Immigration requires proper documentation to show that the applicant still maintains ties in the Philippines, such as an ongoing marriage and residency. This flexibility makes the 13A especially practical for couples who travel frequently for business or family reasons while still wanting a permanent base in the Philippines.

What happens if a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder’s Filipino spouse passes away?
In the unfortunate event that the Filipino spouse passes away, the foreign spouse’s 13A visa may be affected because its validity is based on the marriage. The Bureau of Immigration reviews such cases individually, considering the circumstances of the foreign spouse’s residency and integration into the country. If the foreign spouse has lived in the Philippines for many years, established strong community ties, or has children with the Filipino spouse, authorities may allow continued residency under humanitarian consideration. However, without alternative arrangements, the foreign spouse may eventually need to apply for another type of visa, such as a Special Resident Retiree’s Visa (SRRV) or a work-related visa. It is therefore wise for long-term residents to prepare for such scenarios by exploring additional legal protections that can secure their stay in the Philippines regardless of marital status.

Does the Philippines marriage visa (13A) require police clearances from the applicant’s home country?
Yes, one of the key requirements for a Philippines marriage visa (13A) is the submission of police clearance certificates. The foreign spouse must present a police clearance from their home country or from the country where they have resided for the last six months or more. This certificate proves that the applicant has no pending criminal cases or record of serious offenses. In addition, the Bureau of Immigration requires a clearance from the Philippine National Bureau of Investigation (NBI) once the applicant is already in the country. These documents ensure that only individuals of good moral character are granted long-term residency in the Philippines. While the process of securing police clearances can take time, it is a critical step that strengthens the overall application and reassures authorities about the applicant’s eligibility for permanent residence.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder purchase a car and register it under their name?
Yes, a foreign spouse holding a Philippines marriage visa (13A) can legally purchase and register a vehicle under their own name. Unlike land, which foreigners cannot directly own, vehicles such as cars, motorcycles, or vans may be owned by permanent residents without restrictions. The 13A visa allows the foreign spouse to obtain a Taxpayer Identification Number (TIN) and a driver’s license from the Land Transportation Office (LTO), both of which are typically required for vehicle registration. This right makes day-to-day living in the Philippines more convenient, particularly for those living outside major cities where public transport is limited. Ownership of vehicles also reflects the greater stability provided by the 13A visa, as it enables the foreign spouse to invest in long-term assets for family use without worrying about legal limitations commonly faced by short-term visitors.

What documents are required to apply for a Philippines marriage visa (13A)?
The Philippines marriage visa (13A) application requires several essential documents to establish the validity of the marriage and the applicant’s eligibility. These include a valid marriage certificate issued by the Philippine Statistics Authority (PSA) or a foreign marriage certificate recognized by the Philippines, a valid passport of the foreign spouse, and proof of financial capacity. Police clearances, both from the applicant’s home country and the Philippine National Bureau of Investigation (NBI), are also mandatory. A medical examination may be required to certify the applicant’s good health. Additionally, the Filipino spouse must submit a notarized letter of application guaranteeing support for the foreign spouse. Immigration officers may request supplementary documents such as bank statements, photos, or affidavits to prove the marriage is genuine. Proper preparation of these documents ensures a smoother process and reduces the chances of delays or rejections during the application review.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder apply for permanent residency immediately?
No, the Philippines marriage visa (13A) does not grant immediate permanent residency. Instead, the process begins with a one-year probationary visa. During this probationary period, immigration authorities evaluate whether the marriage is genuine, stable, and free of legal complications. After one year, the foreign spouse may apply for conversion to permanent resident status. Once approved, permanent residency grants indefinite stay privileges in the Philippines, with only administrative requirements like ACR I-Card renewals and annual reporting. This probationary phase is crucial, as it prevents abuse of the system and ensures that only legitimate marriages lead to long-term residency. Couples are advised to maintain complete documentation, financial proof, and strong marital evidence to facilitate smooth transition from probationary to permanent status. The process is designed to protect both the integrity of the immigration system and the rights of genuine foreign spouses.

Can a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder work in government offices?
Generally, a Philippines marriage visa (13A) holder is allowed to work and engage in business in the country, but employment in government offices is restricted. Philippine law reserves most government positions exclusively for Filipino citizens, especially those involving policy-making, national security, or public trust. However, some contractual or consultancy positions in academic or technical fields may be open to foreign experts, provided proper clearances are obtained. The 13A visa ensures the right to work in private companies, educational institutions, and businesses without the need for an additional work permit. This is already a significant advantage compared to tourist or temporary visas. For those seeking government-related opportunities, Filipino citizenship through naturalization may eventually be required. In the meantime, the 13A provides a strong platform for stable employment and professional growth within the private sector. ★

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针对以上话题您是否想了解更多？欢迎联系我们咨询
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VIBER:+ 63 939 526 6731 / +63 9176523432
WhatsApp / PHONE:+639176523432

中文咨询
微 信：BGC998 电报@ BGC998 或 微信：VBW333 电报@VBW777
马尼拉998VISA是马尼拉MAKATI 实体注册公司，在马尼拉已经有超过19年服务经验，客户隐私安全保护服务可靠，业务提交可以安排工作人员上门取件或前往我们办公室提交。马尼拉政策时常变化，且信息发布有时间差，有需要相关业务最新资讯欢迎联系我们。
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